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Training & movement

B · Reasonable confidence

How the menstrual cycle affects exercise performance in women

Subject: The Effects of Menstrual Cycle Phase on Exercise Performance in Eumenorrheic Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

What this means

Exercise performance was very slightly lower at the start of the cycle (early follicular phase) than in other phases. The difference was trivial for both endurance and strength.

Kelly L McNulty, Kirsty J Elliott-Sale, Eimear Dolan, Paul A Swinton, Paul Ansdell, Stuart Goodall, Kevin Thomas, Kirsty M Hicks · 2020 · Sports Medicine

What does this rating mean?

A solid systematic review with caveats, or consistent indications with a limited scope.

Findings

Exercise performance was trivially reduced during the early follicular phase compared with all other cycle phases, but the pooled effect was very small and its credible interval crossed zero. General guidance on menstrual-cycle-based training prescription cannot be given; any approach must be individualised.

Who this applies to

Women with a regular menstrual cycle.

What to keep in mind

The quality of evidence was low and studies varied widely. General guidelines therefore cannot be given. The authors advise looking at each individual's response.

Practical conclusion for REZA

Reason not to routinely adjust training schedules to the menstrual cycle — the effect is too small and unreliable to base general rules on; individual tailoring remains the starting point.

View method and source

Methodology

Meta-analysis

Population

78 studies, 1193 eumenorrheic (naturally menstruating) women

Intervention

Comparison of exercise performance across menstrual cycle phases (early follicular, late follicular, ovulatory, mid-luteal, late luteal)

Outcome measures

Exercise performance outcomes including strength, power, endurance and sport-specific performance

Limitations

Overall evidence quality rated low (42% of studies low quality); wide variability in cycle-phase verification methods; heterogeneous performance outcomes pooled together; most studies underpowered for within-subject cycle comparisons.

Original source

DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01319-3 · PMID: 32661839

View on PubMed →

This information is general education about scientific research. It is not personal medical advice and does not replace diagnosis or treatment by a doctor or other healthcare professional. If you have symptoms, a medical condition or take medication, consult your GP or treating professional before changing your training or nutrition.