Dose-structure-population interactions of protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition: a Bayesian network meta-analysis with dose-response modeling

Methodology

Meta-analysis

Population

Multiple RCTs; adults undergoing RT

Intervention

Different protein doses, types, and populations with RT

Findings

Protein dosing shows a dose-response relationship with diminishing returns; protein type has minimal impact when dose is adequate. Population characteristics (age, training status) moderate the effect, so the optimal dose varies by population.

Outcome measures

Body composition (lean mass, fat mass)

Limitations

Network assumptions; heterogeneity; complex interactions difficult to fully resolve.

Original source

DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1860234