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Resistance training and the blood sugar marker HbA1c in type 2 diabetes

Subject: Effect of resistance training on HbA1c in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the moderating effect of changes in muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis

What this means

Resistance training lowered HbA1c (average blood sugar over time) more than in control groups. Larger strength gains went with larger drops. There was no clear difference from aerobic training.

Jansson AK, Chan LX, Lubans DR, Duncan MJ, Plotnikoff RC · 2022 · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care

What does this rating mean?

Multiple consistent meta-analyses or a position stand. Sufficient basis for a fixed choice in the coaching.

Findings

Resistance training alone produced a small but significant reduction in HbA1c of about 0.39 percentage points versus control. The size of the strength improvement significantly moderated the glycaemic benefit: larger strength gains went with larger HbA1c reductions. Resistance training was not significantly different from aerobic training.

Who this applies to

Adults with type 2 diabetes.

Size of the research

Twenty randomized controlled trials with 1172 participants in total.

What to keep in mind

Results varied considerably between studies. Only articles published in English were included.

Practical conclusion for REZA

An argument, in consultation with the treating clinician, for deliberately targeting strength gains with type 2 diabetes clients: in this analysis, greater strength gains went with larger HbA1c reductions. Resistance training does not replace medical treatment.

View method and source

Methodology

Meta-analysis

Population

30 RCTs published 1998-2020 in the systematic review; primary meta-analysis 20 studies, n=1172 adults aged ≥18 y with type 2 diabetes

Intervention

Resistance training only (RT combined with aerobic exercise or diet was excluded) vs. control, wait-list control or sham exercise; secondary comparison vs. aerobic training

Outcome measures

HbA1c (primary); moderators: change in muscular strength/fitness, risk of bias, intervention duration

Limitations

Moderate-to-high heterogeneity (I2=69.2%); no included study achieved overall low risk of bias; internal inconsistency in reported study/participant counts; only 12 of 20 primary-analysis studies measured muscular strength.

Original source

DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002595 · PMID: 35273011

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This information is general education about scientific research. It is not personal medical advice and does not replace diagnosis or treatment by a doctor or other healthcare professional. If you have symptoms, a medical condition or take medication, consult your GP or treating professional before changing your training or nutrition.